Core Operators
AND
Finds results containing both terms.Many search systems treat spaces as implicit AND, so
sales marketing may work the same as sales AND marketing.OR
Finds results containing either term (or both).
Use case: Capture variations, synonyms, or alternatives.
NOT (or -)
Excludes results containing the term.Grouping and Phrases
Parentheses ( )
Group terms together to control logic order.Quotes ” ”
Search for an exact phrase.
Key difference:
Quotes on Single Words
With quotes — exact match only:Combine Operators
Basic combination
Multiple OR groups
With exclusions
Nested parentheses
Operator Precedence
Without parentheses, operators are evaluated in this order:" "(phrases) — highest priorityNOT/-ANDOR— lowest priority
Common Mistakes
Lowercase operators
Lowercaseand may be treated as a search term, not an operator.
Missing parentheses
Quotes on every word
Only use quotes for exact phrases or when you need exact word match.Over-complicated queries
Start simple, add terms only if needed.Forgetting stemming
If you searchdevelop, you’ll get developer, development, etc. Use quotes "develop" if you only want that exact word.
Build Your Query Step by Step
1
Identify your core concept
What are you looking for?Example: “People asking for AI agency recommendations”
2
List key terms
Break down into categories:
- Intent: looking for, recommend, anyone know, suggestions
- Topic: AI, artificial intelligence, machine learning
- Type: agency, developer, consultant, company
3
Start simple
4
Expand with OR
5
Add exclusions if needed
6
Test and refine
- Too many results? Add more specific terms.
- Too few results? Remove restrictive terms or add OR alternatives.
- Wrong results? Add NOT exclusions.